Grade 1
  1. Numbers and Counting  1.1. Counting to 10  1.2. Counting to 20  1.3. Counting to 50  1.4. Counting to 100  1.5. Writing Numbers 1 to 10  1.6. Writing Numbers 1 to 20  1.7. Writing Numbers 1 to 50  1.8. Writing Numbers 1 to 100  1.9. Reading Numbers 1 to 10  1.10. Reading Numbers 1 to 20  1.11. Reading Numbers 1 to 50  1.12. Reading Numbers 1 to 100  1.13. Comparing Numbers  1.14. Ordering Numbers  1.15. Odd and Even Numbers  1.16. Number Patterns  1.17. Skip Counting by 2s, 5s, and 10s  1.18. Understanding Zero
  2. Basic Addition and Subtraction  2.1. Understanding Addition  2.2. Addition Facts within 10  2.3. Addition Facts within 20  2.4. Adding Zero  2.5. Adding One More  2.6. Adding Two More  2.7. Adding Three More  2.8. Adding Using Pictures  2.9. Addition Word Problems  2.10. Understanding Subtraction  2.11. Subtraction Facts within 10  2.12. Subtraction Facts within 20  2.13. Subtracting Zero  2.14. Subtracting One  2.15. Subtracting Two  2.16. Subtraction Using Pictures  2.17. Subtraction Word Problems  2.18. Introduction to Doubles Facts  2.19. Introduction to Making 10
  3. Place Value and Number Sense  3.1. Understanding Tens and Ones  3.2. Counting by Tens  3.3. Place Value within 20  3.4. Place Value within 50  3.5. Place Value within 100  3.6. Reading and Writing Two-Digit Numbers  3.7. Comparing Two-Digit Numbers  3.8. Decomposing Numbers
  4. Measurement  4.1. Length  4.1.1. Comparing Lengths  4.1.2. Measuring with Non-Standard Units  4.1.3. Using Standard Units (Inches and Centimeters) in Length  4.2. Weight  4.2.1. Comparing Weights  4.2.2. Heavy and Light Objects  4.2.3. Introduction to Grams and Pounds  4.3. Capacity  4.3.1. Comparing Capacity  4.3.2. Full and Empty  4.3.3. Introduction to Liters and Milliliters  4.4. Time  4.4.1. Telling Time to the Hour  4.4.2. Telling Time to the Half Hour  4.4.3. Days of the Week  4.4.4. Months of the Year  4.4.5. Understanding Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow  4.5. Money  4.5.1. Recognizing Coins  4.5.2. Counting Coins  4.5.3. Introduction to Dollar and Cents Symbols  4.5.4. Simple Addition and Subtraction with Money
  5. Geometry  5.1. 2D Shapes  5.1.1. Recognizing 2D Shapes  5.1.2. Drawing 2D Shapes  5.1.3. Naming 2D Shapes  5.1.4. Properties of 2D Shapes  5.1.5. Sorting 2D Shapes  5.1.6. Composing Simple Shapes  5.2. 3D Shapes  5.2.1. Recognizing 3D Shapes  5.2.2. Naming 3D Shapes  5.2.3. Properties of 3D Shapes  5.2.4. Sorting 3D Shapes  5.3. Position and Direction  5.3.1. Left and Right  5.3.2. Above and Below  5.3.3. Inside and Outside  5.3.4. Near and Far  5.3.5. In Front and Behind
  6. Patterns and Sorting  6.1. Recognizing Patterns  6.2. Extending Patterns  6.3. Creating Patterns  6.4. Sorting by Color  6.5. Sorting by Shape  6.6. Sorting by Size
  7. Data and Graphing  7.1. Introduction to Data  7.2. Collecting Data  7.3. Tally Marks  7.4. Bar Graphs  7.5. Picture Graphs  7.6. Interpreting Simple Graphs
  8. Fractions  8.1. Understanding Halves  8.2. Understanding Fourths  8.3. Dividing Shapes into Equal Parts  8.4. Identifying Equal and Unequal Parts

Grade 1 → Geometry ↓


3D Shapes


In the world around us, we see objects of different shapes and sizes. Some of these objects are flat like a piece of paper, and others have more dimensional properties with length, width, and height. These three-dimensional objects are what we call "3D shapes." In this article, we will explore the fascinating world of 3D shapes and learn about their properties, how to identify them, and where we might see them in our daily lives.

What are 3D shapes?

3D shapes or three-dimensional shapes have depth, width, and height. These shapes are different from 2D shapes, which only have length and width. When we talk about 3D shapes, we refer to solid forms that take up space and that have a front, back, top, bottom, right, and left side. Examples include cubes, spheres, cylinders, cones, and pyramids.

Cubes

A cube is like a box; it has six square faces, twelve edges, and eight corners. All faces of a cube are the same size, and all angles are right angles. Each face of the cube meets at a right angle (90 degrees). You might find a cube in dice or a Rubik's Cube.

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Areas

A sphere is round, like a ball. It has a perfectly curved surface and is uniform on all four sides, meaning it looks the same from any direction. Basketballs, globes, and soap bubbles are examples of spheres.

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Cylinder

A cylinder is shaped like a can. It has two flat, circular ends and one curved edge. Imagine soup cans or paper towel rolls; these are cylinders.

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Who?

The cone looks like a party hat or ice cream cone. It has a flat, circular base that narrows to a point called the top or apex. Traffic cones and birthday hats are examples of cones in real life.

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Pyramid

Like the notable structures in Egypt, the pyramid has a square or triangular base. It curves inwards and comes to a point at the top known as the apex. The bases of pyramids can be of different shapes such as a triangular base or a square base.

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Properties of 3D shapes

3D shapes have several properties that help identify and distinguish them from one another. Let's take a look at each property:

Faces

The faces of a 3D shape are the flat or curved surfaces that form its boundaries. A cube has six faces, all of which are squares. A cylinder has three: two circles (one top, one bottom) and a rectangle if opened up.

Edges

Edges are the lines where two faces meet. For a cube, there are twelve edges. If you take a cardboard box and carefully draw lines in the places where the edges meet, you are tracing its edges.

Corner

The corners or vertices are the points where the edges meet. A cube has eight vertices. Imagine you hold a cube and touch the ends of its corners; you are feeling the vertices.

Circular properties

Shapes like spheres and cones have spherical properties. Spheres are special because they have no edges or vertices. A cone has one vertex, and its base is a circle.

Real-life examples

Learning about 3D shapes is more relevant and enjoyable when we relate them to real-world objects. Here are some examples:

  • A cereal box can be viewed as a cuboid, which is a stretched version of a cube.
  • A basketball is a perfect example of a sphere.
  • The body of a pencil can be described as a cylinder.
  • The party hat is shaped like a cone.
  • The Egyptian pyramids are a clear example of the pyramid shape in real life.

Why study 3D shapes?

Understanding 3D shapes is very important as it helps us see objects and understand the world better. Here are some reasons why it is important to learn about 3D shapes:

  • Spatial Awareness: It helps children develop spatial awareness, which is important for physical and mental organization.
  • Problem Solving: It helps in solving puzzles and understanding complex structures.
  • Practical Life Skills: Concepts of weight, volume, and capacity become easier to understand.
  • Foundation for advanced education: It lays a strong foundation for future studies in geometry, architecture and engineering.

Activities to learn 3D shapes

Below are some engaging activities that will help first grade students understand the concept of 3D shapes:

Building blocks

Children can create different 3D shapes using building blocks. This practical activity helps them understand how these shapes are structured.

Motif hunt

Organize a shape search where children search for different shaped objects at home or in the classroom. Reward them for finding things like boxes (cubes), balls (spheres), and cans (cylinders).

Clay modeling

Give children clay or play-doh and ask them to create different 3D shapes. This will help them feel and see dimensions while using their creativity.

Recognizing 3D shapes

Another important skill is recognizing these shapes, which involves identifying and naming them in different contexts. Here's how you can help children recognize these shapes:

Pattern matching

Show pictures of 3D shapes with everyday objects. Ask children to match the correct shape with the object.

Name the shape

Give children a set of objects and ask them to name the shape they see. As a challenge, you can partially hide some of the objects and see if they can still identify the shape.

Conclusion

Learning about 3D shapes provides a way to understand the space and form around us. These shapes are an essential part of the environment and architecture. By breaking down the features of 3D shapes into faces, edges, and vertices, children can begin to visualize and understand these structures better. By engaging in fun activities and hands-on learning, children can comfortably grasp the concept of three-dimensional shapes, which lays a strong foundation for future study of geometry and beyond.


Grade 1 → 5.2


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3D Shapes

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