Grade 1
  1. Numbers and Counting  1.1. Counting to 10  1.2. Counting to 20  1.3. Counting to 50  1.4. Counting to 100  1.5. Writing Numbers 1 to 10  1.6. Writing Numbers 1 to 20  1.7. Writing Numbers 1 to 50  1.8. Writing Numbers 1 to 100  1.9. Reading Numbers 1 to 10  1.10. Reading Numbers 1 to 20  1.11. Reading Numbers 1 to 50  1.12. Reading Numbers 1 to 100  1.13. Comparing Numbers  1.14. Ordering Numbers  1.15. Odd and Even Numbers  1.16. Number Patterns  1.17. Skip Counting by 2s, 5s, and 10s  1.18. Understanding Zero
  2. Basic Addition and Subtraction  2.1. Understanding Addition  2.2. Addition Facts within 10  2.3. Addition Facts within 20  2.4. Adding Zero  2.5. Adding One More  2.6. Adding Two More  2.7. Adding Three More  2.8. Adding Using Pictures  2.9. Addition Word Problems  2.10. Understanding Subtraction  2.11. Subtraction Facts within 10  2.12. Subtraction Facts within 20  2.13. Subtracting Zero  2.14. Subtracting One  2.15. Subtracting Two  2.16. Subtraction Using Pictures  2.17. Subtraction Word Problems  2.18. Introduction to Doubles Facts  2.19. Introduction to Making 10
  3. Place Value and Number Sense  3.1. Understanding Tens and Ones  3.2. Counting by Tens  3.3. Place Value within 20  3.4. Place Value within 50  3.5. Place Value within 100  3.6. Reading and Writing Two-Digit Numbers  3.7. Comparing Two-Digit Numbers  3.8. Decomposing Numbers
  4. Measurement  4.1. Length  4.1.1. Comparing Lengths  4.1.2. Measuring with Non-Standard Units  4.1.3. Using Standard Units (Inches and Centimeters) in Length  4.2. Weight  4.2.1. Comparing Weights  4.2.2. Heavy and Light Objects  4.2.3. Introduction to Grams and Pounds  4.3. Capacity  4.3.1. Comparing Capacity  4.3.2. Full and Empty  4.3.3. Introduction to Liters and Milliliters  4.4. Time  4.4.1. Telling Time to the Hour  4.4.2. Telling Time to the Half Hour  4.4.3. Days of the Week  4.4.4. Months of the Year  4.4.5. Understanding Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow  4.5. Money  4.5.1. Recognizing Coins  4.5.2. Counting Coins  4.5.3. Introduction to Dollar and Cents Symbols  4.5.4. Simple Addition and Subtraction with Money
  5. Geometry  5.1. 2D Shapes  5.1.1. Recognizing 2D Shapes  5.1.2. Drawing 2D Shapes  5.1.3. Naming 2D Shapes  5.1.4. Properties of 2D Shapes  5.1.5. Sorting 2D Shapes  5.1.6. Composing Simple Shapes  5.2. 3D Shapes  5.2.1. Recognizing 3D Shapes  5.2.2. Naming 3D Shapes  5.2.3. Properties of 3D Shapes  5.2.4. Sorting 3D Shapes  5.3. Position and Direction  5.3.1. Left and Right  5.3.2. Above and Below  5.3.3. Inside and Outside  5.3.4. Near and Far  5.3.5. In Front and Behind
  6. Patterns and Sorting  6.1. Recognizing Patterns  6.2. Extending Patterns  6.3. Creating Patterns  6.4. Sorting by Color  6.5. Sorting by Shape  6.6. Sorting by Size
  7. Data and Graphing  7.1. Introduction to Data  7.2. Collecting Data  7.3. Tally Marks  7.4. Bar Graphs  7.5. Picture Graphs  7.6. Interpreting Simple Graphs
  8. Fractions  8.1. Understanding Halves  8.2. Understanding Fourths  8.3. Dividing Shapes into Equal Parts  8.4. Identifying Equal and Unequal Parts

Grade 1 → Basic Addition and Subtraction ↓


Introduction to Making 10


In the journey of learning basic addition and subtraction, understanding the concept of making 10 is a great step. It helps Class 1 children understand how numbers work together, introducing them to a method that simplifies addition and subtraction. This method is fundamental and will act as a cornerstone for more complex mathematical concepts later on.

What is making 10?

"Making 10s" is a strategy used in math to simplify addition and subtraction. The idea is to break down a problem into simpler numbers that are easier to add or subtract mentally. Essentially, it involves making combinations of numbers that add up to 10. Once children can make 10s easily, they can use this knowledge to solve a variety of arithmetic problems more efficiently.

Why is it important to make 10?

Making 10 is important because it helps children:

  • Develop mental math skills by promoting a deeper understanding of numbers.
  • To enhance their ability to solve arithmetical problems quickly and accurately.
  • Lay the groundwork for future math learning, such as multiplication and algebra.

Basic concepts of counting and addition

Before we start making 10, let's make sure we understand the basics of counting and adding numbers. Here are some examples:

    1 + 2 = 3
    2 + 2 = 4
    3 + 3 = 6
    5 + 2 = 7

As we add, we increase the number by the amount being added. For example, if you have 2 apples and you find 2 more, you will have a total of 4 apples.

Understanding the pairs that make up 10

The main part of learning how to make 10 is knowing the number pairs that combine to make 10. These pairs are:

    1 + 9 = 10
    2 + 8 = 10
    3 + 7 = 10
    4 + 6 = 10
    5 + 5 = 10
9 + 1 = 10 8 + 2 = 10 7 + 3 = 10

Knowing these pairs is very important because it helps solve problems quickly. For example, when given an addition problem such as 6 + 4, recognizing that 6 + 4 equals 10 can speed up finding the sum.

Fantasizing with objects

To understand the concept of making 10, let's use everyday objects, like blocks, and see how pairs make 10.

Suppose you have 6 blocks. You need 4 more blocks to make 10. This exercise shows the number pair 6 + 4 = 10.

Activities to practice making 10

Here are some simple activities to help you practice making 10:

  1. Using counters: Give children 10 counters or beads. Ask them to divide them into two groups so they practice making different number pairs that make 10.

  2. Flash cards: Make flash cards with a number on the front. On the back, write the number that adds up to it to make 10. For example, a card with a 3 on the front has a 7 on the back.

  3. Number Line Activity: Use a number line to visualize making 10. Start with a number like 3 and then “jump” up to 10 and see how many steps it takes.

Applying the making 10 strategy additionally

Once children are familiar with the number pairs that make up 10, they can apply this knowledge to solve problems more quickly.

Consider an addition problem such as 8 + 5. To solve this by making 10, consider dividing 5 into 2 + 3 because 8 + 2 will make 10, and then add the remainder of 3:

    8 + 5 = (8 + 2) + 3 = 10 + 3 = 13

This technique helps streamline the process by using the convenient standard number 10.

Using 10's for subtraction

Making 10s isn't just limited to addition; it's a useful technique for subtraction, too.

For example, let's solve 15 - 9 by making 10. First, recognize that 15 can be rewritten as 10 + 5. So:

    15 - 9 = (10 - 9) + 5 = 1 + 5 = 6

Just like addition, this method makes subtraction easier to solve by focusing on the main number 10.

Practice problems

Try solving these addition and subtraction problems using the make 10 strategy:

  1. Addition: 7 + 6 make 10 and calculate.

    Solution: Divide 6 into 3 + 3 Then, calculate:

                7 + 6 = (7 + 3) + 3 = 10 + 3 = 13

  2. Subtraction: Solve by making 14 - 8 10.

    Solution: Recognize that 14 = 10 + 4 Then, solve:

                14 - 8 = (10 - 8) + 4 = 2 + 4 = 6

Conclusion

Introducing students to the technique of making 10 not only makes them proficient at solving arithmetic problems, but also increases their confidence in using numbers. By understanding the pairs that make 10, young learners gain an important math skill that serves as a solid foundation for future education. Through consistent practice with activities and exercises that focus on making 10, students will deepen their understanding and improve their agility with numbers.

This strategy enables children to move beyond counting on their fingers and develop mental mathematical abilities, opening the door to more advanced branches of mathematics as they progress in their education.


Grade 1 → 2.19


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Introduction to Making 10

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