Grade 1
  1. Numbers and Counting  1.1. Counting to 10  1.2. Counting to 20  1.3. Counting to 50  1.4. Counting to 100  1.5. Writing Numbers 1 to 10  1.6. Writing Numbers 1 to 20  1.7. Writing Numbers 1 to 50  1.8. Writing Numbers 1 to 100  1.9. Reading Numbers 1 to 10  1.10. Reading Numbers 1 to 20  1.11. Reading Numbers 1 to 50  1.12. Reading Numbers 1 to 100  1.13. Comparing Numbers  1.14. Ordering Numbers  1.15. Odd and Even Numbers  1.16. Number Patterns  1.17. Skip Counting by 2s, 5s, and 10s  1.18. Understanding Zero
  2. Basic Addition and Subtraction  2.1. Understanding Addition  2.2. Addition Facts within 10  2.3. Addition Facts within 20  2.4. Adding Zero  2.5. Adding One More  2.6. Adding Two More  2.7. Adding Three More  2.8. Adding Using Pictures  2.9. Addition Word Problems  2.10. Understanding Subtraction  2.11. Subtraction Facts within 10  2.12. Subtraction Facts within 20  2.13. Subtracting Zero  2.14. Subtracting One  2.15. Subtracting Two  2.16. Subtraction Using Pictures  2.17. Subtraction Word Problems  2.18. Introduction to Doubles Facts  2.19. Introduction to Making 10
  3. Place Value and Number Sense  3.1. Understanding Tens and Ones  3.2. Counting by Tens  3.3. Place Value within 20  3.4. Place Value within 50  3.5. Place Value within 100  3.6. Reading and Writing Two-Digit Numbers  3.7. Comparing Two-Digit Numbers  3.8. Decomposing Numbers
  4. Measurement  4.1. Length  4.1.1. Comparing Lengths  4.1.2. Measuring with Non-Standard Units  4.1.3. Using Standard Units (Inches and Centimeters) in Length  4.2. Weight  4.2.1. Comparing Weights  4.2.2. Heavy and Light Objects  4.2.3. Introduction to Grams and Pounds  4.3. Capacity  4.3.1. Comparing Capacity  4.3.2. Full and Empty  4.3.3. Introduction to Liters and Milliliters  4.4. Time  4.4.1. Telling Time to the Hour  4.4.2. Telling Time to the Half Hour  4.4.3. Days of the Week  4.4.4. Months of the Year  4.4.5. Understanding Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow  4.5. Money  4.5.1. Recognizing Coins  4.5.2. Counting Coins  4.5.3. Introduction to Dollar and Cents Symbols  4.5.4. Simple Addition and Subtraction with Money
  5. Geometry  5.1. 2D Shapes  5.1.1. Recognizing 2D Shapes  5.1.2. Drawing 2D Shapes  5.1.3. Naming 2D Shapes  5.1.4. Properties of 2D Shapes  5.1.5. Sorting 2D Shapes  5.1.6. Composing Simple Shapes  5.2. 3D Shapes  5.2.1. Recognizing 3D Shapes  5.2.2. Naming 3D Shapes  5.2.3. Properties of 3D Shapes  5.2.4. Sorting 3D Shapes  5.3. Position and Direction  5.3.1. Left and Right  5.3.2. Above and Below  5.3.3. Inside and Outside  5.3.4. Near and Far  5.3.5. In Front and Behind
  6. Patterns and Sorting  6.1. Recognizing Patterns  6.2. Extending Patterns  6.3. Creating Patterns  6.4. Sorting by Color  6.5. Sorting by Shape  6.6. Sorting by Size
  7. Data and Graphing  7.1. Introduction to Data  7.2. Collecting Data  7.3. Tally Marks  7.4. Bar Graphs  7.5. Picture Graphs  7.6. Interpreting Simple Graphs
  8. Fractions  8.1. Understanding Halves  8.2. Understanding Fourths  8.3. Dividing Shapes into Equal Parts  8.4. Identifying Equal and Unequal Parts

Grade 1 ↓


Numbers and Counting


Understanding numbers and learning to count is an essential foundation in mathematics. It is something that children begin to understand at an early age. This section on "Numbers and Counting" aims to make this fundamental aspect of mathematics easy and fun for Grade 1 students.

What are the numbers?

Numbers are symbols or words used to indicate an amount or position. Numbers help us understand how many apples are in a basket or what position a runner finishes in a race.

The basics of counting

Counting is the process of determining the number of elements in a collection. We count using a set of numbers called the natural numbers: 1, 2, 3, 4, and so on. When we count, we start with one and add one each time until we reach the correct amount.

Counting example:

Let's count the stars:

 

1, 2, 3, 4, 5

We have 5 stars.

Number line

The number line is a line on which numbers are marked at equal intervals. It helps us to see the order of numbers and the distance between them.

Number line example:

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

On this number line you can see numbers from 0 to 6, represented by small red dots.

Comparing numbers

When we compare numbers, we find out which number is bigger, which is smaller or they are equal. We use the symbols > (greater than), < (smaller than) and = (equal to).

Example of comparing numbers:

5 > 3 (5 is greater than 3)
2 < 4 (2 is less than 4)
6 = 6 (6 = 6)

Writing and reading numbers

When writing numbers, it is important to practice writing them correctly. Here is how we write numbers from 1 to 10:

  • 1 - one
  • 2 - two
  • 3 - three
  • 4 - four
  • 5 - five
  • 6 - six
  • 7 - seven
  • 8 - eight
  • 9 - nine
  • 10 - ten

Counting in groups

Counting can also be done in groups, making it easier to count larger numbers. For example, counting in twos, fives, or tens can speed up the process.

Counting by twos:

2, 4, 6, 8, 10...

Counting by fives:

5, 10, 15, 20, 25...

Counting by tens:

10, 20, 30, 40, 50...

Counting in groups helps us understand the concept of skip counting.

Place value

Place value is about understanding that the position of a number determines its value. For example, in the number 47, '4' means 40 because it is in the tens place, and '7' means 7 because it is in the ones place.

Place value examples:

47 = 4 tens   7 units

Practical exercise on counting objects

The best way to learn counting is to practice with objects. Find objects around you and start counting them. Here are some tips:

  • Counting toys like blocks or cars.
  • Count clothing items like socks or hats.
  • Count natural objects like leaves or stones.

Addition with numbers

Once we learn to count, we can start adding numbers. Addition means adding two or more numbers together to get a new number called the sum.

Sum example:

3   2 = 5

Here, if you have 3 apples and someone gives you 2 more, you now have 5 apples.

Subtraction with numbers

Subtraction is the opposite of addition. It means subtracting something from a number and finding the remainder.

Subtraction example:

5 - 2 = 3

If you have 5 candies and you eat 2, you are left with 3 candies.

Practicing addition and subtraction with small numbers helps in understanding numbers better.

Patterns with numbers

Patterns help us predict what is going to happen next and understand sequences better. For example:

Number pattern example:

2, 4, 6, 8...

This is the pattern of adding 2 each time. The next number will be 10.

Conclusion

Numbers and counting are foundational skills in math. Understanding these concepts helps children in everyday life and forms the foundation for more advanced math topics. Through practice and exploration, Grade 1 students can become confident in their ability to count, compare, and use numbers meaningfully.


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Numbers and Counting

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