Grade 1
  1. Numbers and Counting  1.1. Counting to 10  1.2. Counting to 20  1.3. Counting to 50  1.4. Counting to 100  1.5. Writing Numbers 1 to 10  1.6. Writing Numbers 1 to 20  1.7. Writing Numbers 1 to 50  1.8. Writing Numbers 1 to 100  1.9. Reading Numbers 1 to 10  1.10. Reading Numbers 1 to 20  1.11. Reading Numbers 1 to 50  1.12. Reading Numbers 1 to 100  1.13. Comparing Numbers  1.14. Ordering Numbers  1.15. Odd and Even Numbers  1.16. Number Patterns  1.17. Skip Counting by 2s, 5s, and 10s  1.18. Understanding Zero
  2. Basic Addition and Subtraction  2.1. Understanding Addition  2.2. Addition Facts within 10  2.3. Addition Facts within 20  2.4. Adding Zero  2.5. Adding One More  2.6. Adding Two More  2.7. Adding Three More  2.8. Adding Using Pictures  2.9. Addition Word Problems  2.10. Understanding Subtraction  2.11. Subtraction Facts within 10  2.12. Subtraction Facts within 20  2.13. Subtracting Zero  2.14. Subtracting One  2.15. Subtracting Two  2.16. Subtraction Using Pictures  2.17. Subtraction Word Problems  2.18. Introduction to Doubles Facts  2.19. Introduction to Making 10
  3. Place Value and Number Sense  3.1. Understanding Tens and Ones  3.2. Counting by Tens  3.3. Place Value within 20  3.4. Place Value within 50  3.5. Place Value within 100  3.6. Reading and Writing Two-Digit Numbers  3.7. Comparing Two-Digit Numbers  3.8. Decomposing Numbers
  4. Measurement  4.1. Length  4.1.1. Comparing Lengths  4.1.2. Measuring with Non-Standard Units  4.1.3. Using Standard Units (Inches and Centimeters) in Length  4.2. Weight  4.2.1. Comparing Weights  4.2.2. Heavy and Light Objects  4.2.3. Introduction to Grams and Pounds  4.3. Capacity  4.3.1. Comparing Capacity  4.3.2. Full and Empty  4.3.3. Introduction to Liters and Milliliters  4.4. Time  4.4.1. Telling Time to the Hour  4.4.2. Telling Time to the Half Hour  4.4.3. Days of the Week  4.4.4. Months of the Year  4.4.5. Understanding Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow  4.5. Money  4.5.1. Recognizing Coins  4.5.2. Counting Coins  4.5.3. Introduction to Dollar and Cents Symbols  4.5.4. Simple Addition and Subtraction with Money
  5. Geometry  5.1. 2D Shapes  5.1.1. Recognizing 2D Shapes  5.1.2. Drawing 2D Shapes  5.1.3. Naming 2D Shapes  5.1.4. Properties of 2D Shapes  5.1.5. Sorting 2D Shapes  5.1.6. Composing Simple Shapes  5.2. 3D Shapes  5.2.1. Recognizing 3D Shapes  5.2.2. Naming 3D Shapes  5.2.3. Properties of 3D Shapes  5.2.4. Sorting 3D Shapes  5.3. Position and Direction  5.3.1. Left and Right  5.3.2. Above and Below  5.3.3. Inside and Outside  5.3.4. Near and Far  5.3.5. In Front and Behind
  6. Patterns and Sorting  6.1. Recognizing Patterns  6.2. Extending Patterns  6.3. Creating Patterns  6.4. Sorting by Color  6.5. Sorting by Shape  6.6. Sorting by Size
  7. Data and Graphing  7.1. Introduction to Data  7.2. Collecting Data  7.3. Tally Marks  7.4. Bar Graphs  7.5. Picture Graphs  7.6. Interpreting Simple Graphs
  8. Fractions  8.1. Understanding Halves  8.2. Understanding Fourths  8.3. Dividing Shapes into Equal Parts  8.4. Identifying Equal and Unequal Parts

Grade 1 ↓


Place Value and Number Sense


Understanding place value and developing number sense are foundational skills in maths, especially in Class 1. These concepts are important because they help children form a solid understanding of numbers and how they work, form the basis of arithmetic operations, and are used in everyday tasks.

What is local value?

Place value is a system that assigns a value to the position of each digit in a number. Each place in a number has a different value, such as units, tens, hundreds, etc. Learning place value helps children understand the shape of a number and how changing the digits affects its overall value. Let's look at a simple example:

243 = 2 hundreds + 4 tens + 3 units

In this example, the number 243 is made up of 2 hundreds, 4 tens, and 3 units. Changing any digit changes the value of the whole number.

Understanding once place

In any given number, the rightmost digit is in the ones place. This is the starting point for understanding place value. The value of the digit in the ones place is simply its face value.

For example: 5 in 45 = 5 units

Visual example:

4 5 Tens people

Understanding the tens place

The second place from the right is the tens place. A digit in the tens place represents ten times its face value.

For example: 4 in 45 = 4 tens or 40

Visual example:

4 0 Tens people

Expanded form

Expanded form is another way of expressing a number as the sum of the values of its digits. Using expanded form helps reinforce the concept of place value for students.

For example: 43 = 40 + 3

This representation clearly shows how the value of each digit contributes to the overall number. It is also important for understanding decimals and larger numbers.

Align numbers and columns

When writing numbers, aligning them in columns is important for understanding and performing mathematical operations such as addition and subtraction. Each column represents a different place value.

Example: 
   56
+ 23

Here, students can clearly see which numbers are ones and which are tens, making addition easier.

Counting, grouping and place value

Counting and grouping objects into tens and ones can help young learners understand place value. For example, using physical objects like blocks or beans can be a great way to visualise numbers.

Example: 
If you have 16 objects, you can group them like this:
1 set of 10 and 6 units.

Visual example:

10 | 6 Tens people

Enhance number sense

Number sense refers to a student's ability to understand, relate and connect numbers. A good number sense enables children to understand arithmetic better and to use numbers in flexible and creative ways.

Comparing numbers

Being able to compare numbers is an essential skill for building numerical understanding. Children must understand the size of different numbers and learn to compare them. You can explain this by teaching them to use the greater than (>), smaller than (<), and equal to (=) symbols.

17 < 25
34 > 28
5 = 5

Using these symbols regularly helps reinforce the concept of comparing numbers.

Sequence of numbers

Putting numbers in order from smallest to largest or vice versa also helps develop numerical understanding. Giving children practice in arranging numbers correctly helps them develop an understanding of number order and value.

Example: 
Order these numbers: 18, 3, 25
Ordered: 3, 18, 25

Number line

The number line is a great tool for visualizing numbers, their order, and the distance between numbers. Children can see how numbers increase or decrease along the line, which helps with comparison and ordering.

Example: Number line with numbers from 1 to 10 
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Estimating the quantity

Estimating involves making reasonable guesses about the quantity or size of something. Estimating practice helps develop number sense because it encourages students to think about the size and place value of numbers.

Example: 
There are about 20 apples in the basket.

Sequential calculation

Counting in sequence, such as by twos, fives or tens, helps students recognize patterns in numbers and understand how numbers relate to each other. This skill is directly linked to understanding multiples and factors.

Example: Counting by twos:
2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, ...

Understanding zero

Zero is an important concept that children need to fully understand. Zero may represent 'nothing' or 'nobody', but it is also essential in place value. For example, a zero in the tens place affects the value differently than a zero in the units place.

Example: 
The zero in 203 means there are no tens.

Practice activities

Here are some activities to help reinforce place value and number sense:

  • Build numbers from blocks: Use blocks to represent different place values. For example, a block tower of 13 can be represented as 1 block of ten and 3 single blocks.
  • Number Card Game: Use number cards to give students practice ordering, comparing, and making numbers.
  • Place Value Puzzle: Have students match the numbers to the correct expanded form.

Conclusion

Building a strong understanding of place value and number sense in Grade 1 is the foundation for future success in maths. These concepts make arithmetic more accessible and ensure that children are prepared for more advanced maths topics. Constant practice using engaging tools and visual aids makes learning these concepts fun and effective.


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Introduction to Making 10
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Place Value and Number Sense

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