Grade 3
  1. Number Sense and Numeration  1.1. Understanding Numbers  1.1.1. Reading and Writing Numbers up to 10,000  1.1.2. Place Value up to Thousands  1.1.3. Comparing and Ordering Numbers  1.1.4. Rounding Numbers to the Nearest Ten and Hundred  1.1.5. Skip Counting by 2s, 5s, 10s, and 100s up to 1,000  1.2. Operations with Whole Numbers  1.2.1. Addition and Subtraction up to 1,000  1.2.2. Multiplication Facts (up to 10 x 10)  1.2.3. Division Facts (up to 100)  1.2.4. Multiplication as Repeated Addition  1.2.5. Division as Equal Sharing  1.2.6. Word Problems with Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, and Division  1.3. Estimation  1.3.1. Estimating Sums and Differences  1.3.2. Estimating Products and Quotients  1.4. Understanding Even and Odd Numbers
  2. Fractions and Decimals  2.1. Understanding Fractions  2.1.1. Identifying and Representing Fractions  2.1.2. Fractions of a Whole and Part of a Set  2.1.3. Comparing and Ordering Fractions with Like Denominators  2.1.4. Equivalent Fractions  2.1.5. Simple Fraction Word Problems  2.2. Introduction to Decimals  2.2.1. Tenths and Hundredths as Decimals  2.2.2. Relationship between Fractions and Decimals
  3. Measurement  3.1. Length  3.1.1. Measuring in Centimeters and Meters  3.1.2. Comparing and Ordering Lengths  3.1.3. Estimating Lengths  3.1.4. Converting Between Centimeters and Meters  3.2. Mass  3.2.1. Measuring in Grams and Kilograms  3.2.2. Estimating and Comparing Mass  3.3. Capacity  3.3.1. Measuring in Milliliters and Liters  3.3.2. Estimating and Comparing Capacity  3.4. Time  3.4.1. Telling Time to the Nearest Minute  3.4.2. Calculating Elapsed Time  3.4.3. Using a Calendar  3.4.4. Understanding A.M. and P.M.  3.5. Area and Perimeter  3.5.1. Calculating Perimeter of Simple Shapes  3.5.2. Estimating and Measuring Area of Shapes  3.5.3. Finding Area by Counting Squares
  4. Geometry  4.1. Properties of Shapes  4.1.1. Identifying 2D Shapes (Triangles, Quadrilaterals, Circles, etc.)  4.1.2. Identifying 3D Shapes (Cubes, Spheres, Cylinders, etc.)  4.1.3. Describing Attributes of 2D and 3D Shapes  4.1.4. Recognizing Parallel and Perpendicular Lines  4.2. Symmetry and Transformations  4.2.1. Recognizing Lines of Symmetry  4.2.2. Identifying Flips, Slides, and Turns  4.3. Angles  4.3.1. Understanding Right Angles  4.3.2. Comparing Angles (Acute, Right, Obtuse)
  5. Data Management and Probability  5.1. Data Collection and Organization  5.1.1. Collecting Data using Surveys and Experiments  5.1.2. Organizing Data using Tally Charts and Tables  5.2.1. Creating and Interpreting Pictographs  5.2.2. Creating and Interpreting Bar Graphs  5.2.3. Reading Simple Line Graphs  5.3. Probability  5.3.1. Understanding Basic Probability Terms (Certain, Possible, Impossible)  5.3.2. Predicting Outcomes  5.3.3. Simple Probability Experiments
  6. Patterns and Algebra  6.1. Patterns  6.1.1. Identifying and Extending Numeric Patterns  6.1.2. Identifying and Extending Shape Patterns  6.1.3. Creating Patterns Using Rules  6.2. Introduction to Algebra  6.2.1. Understanding Variables as Unknowns  6.2.2. Solving Simple Addition and Subtraction Equations  6.2.3. Using Patterns to Solve Problems
  7. Problem-Solving Skills  7.1. Strategies for Problem-Solving  7.1.1. Using Pictures or Diagrams  7.1.2. Identifying Patterns in Problems  7.1.3. Making Organized Lists  7.1.4. Guessing and Checking  7.1.5. Using Logical Reasoning  7.1.6. Breaking Down Problems into Steps

Grade 3 → Geometry → Properties of Shapes ↓


Identifying 3D Shapes (Cubes, Spheres, Cylinders, etc.)


In geometry, learning about shapes is an essential building block for kids. When you are in third grade, we start to explore not only flat shapes, also known as 2D shapes, but also 3D shapes. These three-dimensional shapes exist all around us, and identifying them can be a fun and educational exercise. Let's dive into the world of 3D shapes and explore their properties with detailed explanations and examples.

What are 3D shapes?

Unlike 2D shapes that only have length and width, 3D shapes have length, width, and height. Imagine you're drawing a square on a piece of paper. Now imagine a box. That box is a 3D shape because it's not just flat; it also has depth!

We'll explore several common 3D shapes, their properties, and some examples of how we encounter them in everyday life.

Cube

The cube is probably the simplest 3D shape. It has 6 faces, and all of them are squares. All the sides of the cube are equal in length. The dice used in board games is a perfect example of a cube.

Properties of a Cube: - Faces: 6 - Edges: 12 - Vertices: 8 - All faces are squares

Imagine you are looking at a dice. Each little square on the dice is a face. If you count them all, you get 6.

Sphere

A sphere is a perfectly round 3D shape. Every point on its surface is the same distance from its center. Think of basketballs, marbles, and bubbles; they are all spheres.

Properties of a Sphere: - Faces: 0 - Edges: 0 - Vertices: 0 - Perfectly symmetrical

If you rotate a sphere it will rotate easily in any direction because it has no edges.

Cylinder

A cylinder has two circular faces of the same size at the top and bottom, and a curved surface connecting them. Think of soup cans or drums; they are shaped like cylinders.

Properties of a Cylinder: - Faces: 3 (2 circular bases and 1 curved surface) - Edges: 2 (where the circular bases meet the curved surface) - Vertices: 0

If you have a tin can, look at its top and bottom. Both are round in shape.

Rectangular prism

The rectangular prism looks a lot like a stretched or squashed cube. All six faces are rectangles, and its sides have different lengths. Boxes used for shipping goods are often of this shape.

Properties of a Rectangular Prism: - Faces: 6 - Edges: 12 - Vertices: 8 - All faces are rectangles

Imagine an old-fashioned lunch box or a brick. This is what a rectangular prism looks like.

Cone

The cone looks like a party hat. It has a circular base, and a curved surface that comes to a point called the apex or vertex.

Properties of a Cone: - Faces: 2 (1 circular base and 1 curved surface) - Edges: 1 (the base) - Vertices: 1 (the apex)

If you've ever had an ice cream cone, you know what shape we're talking about.

Pyramid

Pyramids have polygonal bases and triangular faces that meet at a point at the top. The most famous pyramids are those in Egypt, which have a square base.

Properties of a Pyramid (Square base): - Faces: 5 (4 triangular and 1 square base) - Edges: 8 - Vertices: 5

Imagine the Egyptian pyramids, rising from a square base to a point!

How to identify 3D shapes

  • Faces: Count flat surfaces on a shape.
  • Edges: Count the lines where two faces meet.
  • Vertex: Compute all points where edges meet.

Understanding these properties helps you figure out what kind of 3D shape you're looking at. Practice by looking at objects around you and see if you can decide what 3D shape they are!

Real world examples of 3D shapes

  • Cubes: Dice, Rubik's Cube
  • Sphere: Basketball, Earth
  • Cylinder: Soda can, water bottle
  • Rectangular prism: cereal box, shoe box
  • Cones: traffic cones, party hats
  • Pyramids : Egyptian Pyramids, Tetra Pack Juice Box

Practice makes perfect. The more you observe the world around you, the better you will be able to recognize and understand 3D shapes!

Conclusion

Recognizing and understanding 3D shapes is a fundamental part of geometry in grade 3. You now know about cubes, spheres, cylinders, rectangular prisms, cones, and pyramids. Each of these shapes has unique properties that help us recognize them. We see 3D shapes in our everyday lives, from basketballs to boxes and cans. Being able to recognize these shapes improves our spatial understanding and makes math more practical and fun. Keep exploring and discovering more 3D shapes around you!


Grade 3 → 4.1.2


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Identifying 2D Shapes (Triangles, Quadrilaterals, Circles, etc.)
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Describing Attributes of 2D and 3D Shapes

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Identifying 3D Shapes (Cubes, Spheres, Cylinders, etc.)

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