Grade 3
  1. Number Sense and Numeration  1.1. Understanding Numbers  1.1.1. Reading and Writing Numbers up to 10,000  1.1.2. Place Value up to Thousands  1.1.3. Comparing and Ordering Numbers  1.1.4. Rounding Numbers to the Nearest Ten and Hundred  1.1.5. Skip Counting by 2s, 5s, 10s, and 100s up to 1,000  1.2. Operations with Whole Numbers  1.2.1. Addition and Subtraction up to 1,000  1.2.2. Multiplication Facts (up to 10 x 10)  1.2.3. Division Facts (up to 100)  1.2.4. Multiplication as Repeated Addition  1.2.5. Division as Equal Sharing  1.2.6. Word Problems with Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, and Division  1.3. Estimation  1.3.1. Estimating Sums and Differences  1.3.2. Estimating Products and Quotients  1.4. Understanding Even and Odd Numbers
  2. Fractions and Decimals  2.1. Understanding Fractions  2.1.1. Identifying and Representing Fractions  2.1.2. Fractions of a Whole and Part of a Set  2.1.3. Comparing and Ordering Fractions with Like Denominators  2.1.4. Equivalent Fractions  2.1.5. Simple Fraction Word Problems  2.2. Introduction to Decimals  2.2.1. Tenths and Hundredths as Decimals  2.2.2. Relationship between Fractions and Decimals
  3. Measurement  3.1. Length  3.1.1. Measuring in Centimeters and Meters  3.1.2. Comparing and Ordering Lengths  3.1.3. Estimating Lengths  3.1.4. Converting Between Centimeters and Meters  3.2. Mass  3.2.1. Measuring in Grams and Kilograms  3.2.2. Estimating and Comparing Mass  3.3. Capacity  3.3.1. Measuring in Milliliters and Liters  3.3.2. Estimating and Comparing Capacity  3.4. Time  3.4.1. Telling Time to the Nearest Minute  3.4.2. Calculating Elapsed Time  3.4.3. Using a Calendar  3.4.4. Understanding A.M. and P.M.  3.5. Area and Perimeter  3.5.1. Calculating Perimeter of Simple Shapes  3.5.2. Estimating and Measuring Area of Shapes  3.5.3. Finding Area by Counting Squares
  4. Geometry  4.1. Properties of Shapes  4.1.1. Identifying 2D Shapes (Triangles, Quadrilaterals, Circles, etc.)  4.1.2. Identifying 3D Shapes (Cubes, Spheres, Cylinders, etc.)  4.1.3. Describing Attributes of 2D and 3D Shapes  4.1.4. Recognizing Parallel and Perpendicular Lines  4.2. Symmetry and Transformations  4.2.1. Recognizing Lines of Symmetry  4.2.2. Identifying Flips, Slides, and Turns  4.3. Angles  4.3.1. Understanding Right Angles  4.3.2. Comparing Angles (Acute, Right, Obtuse)
  5. Data Management and Probability  5.1. Data Collection and Organization  5.1.1. Collecting Data using Surveys and Experiments  5.1.2. Organizing Data using Tally Charts and Tables  5.2.1. Creating and Interpreting Pictographs  5.2.2. Creating and Interpreting Bar Graphs  5.2.3. Reading Simple Line Graphs  5.3. Probability  5.3.1. Understanding Basic Probability Terms (Certain, Possible, Impossible)  5.3.2. Predicting Outcomes  5.3.3. Simple Probability Experiments
  6. Patterns and Algebra  6.1. Patterns  6.1.1. Identifying and Extending Numeric Patterns  6.1.2. Identifying and Extending Shape Patterns  6.1.3. Creating Patterns Using Rules  6.2. Introduction to Algebra  6.2.1. Understanding Variables as Unknowns  6.2.2. Solving Simple Addition and Subtraction Equations  6.2.3. Using Patterns to Solve Problems
  7. Problem-Solving Skills  7.1. Strategies for Problem-Solving  7.1.1. Using Pictures or Diagrams  7.1.2. Identifying Patterns in Problems  7.1.3. Making Organized Lists  7.1.4. Guessing and Checking  7.1.5. Using Logical Reasoning  7.1.6. Breaking Down Problems into Steps

Grade 3 → Measurement → Time ↓


Using a Calendar


Understanding how to use a calendar is an essential part of learning about time in grade 3 math. Calendars help us organize our days, weeks, and months. It is a tool that helps us keep track of time and plan our activities. In this explanation, we will learn about calendars, how to read them, and how to solve simple problems using them.

What is a calendar?

A calendar is a chart that shows the days, weeks, and months of a particular year. Calendars help us plan our daily activities. They tell us about important dates such as holidays, birthdays, and changing seasons. Calendars include:

  • Day – Different days of the week like Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, etc.
  • Week - A week usually consists of seven days.
  • Months – These are large parts of the year, like January, February etc.

Structure of the calendar

Let's look at the structure of a typical month in a calendar:

Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
,
   1 2 3 4 5 6 7
   8 9 10 11 12 13 14
  15 16 17 18 19 20 21
  22 23 24 25 26 27 28
  29 30 31

In this example, you can see that the month is divided into weeks, and each week begins on Sunday and ends on Saturday. The numbers are the days of the month.

How many days in a week?

There are always seven days in a week. The days of the week are:

  1. Sunday
  2. Monday
  3. Tuesday
  4. Wednesday
  5. Thursday
  6. Friday
  7. Saturday

How many days are there in a month?

The number of days in a month can vary. Here's a simple rhyme to help you remember:

September has 30 days,
April, June and November;
Everyone else has thirty one,
Except for February,
whose twenty-eight days are clear,
And twenty-nine in leap years.

Leap year

Leap years occur every 4 years and add an extra day to February, making February 29 days long instead of the usual 28.

Using the calendar for problem solving

Here's how to solve some common problems using Calendar:

Example 1: Finding the day of the week

If today is the 1st of the month and it is Monday, then what day will it be on the 8th?

Solution:

Today is Monday, the 1st.
2nd: Tuesday
3rd: Wednesday
4: Thursday
5th: Friday
6th: Saturday
7th: Sunday
8th: Monday

Therefore, 8th is Monday!

Example 2: Counting days in a month

How many days are there from March 5 to March 20?

Solution:

From 5th to 20th:

6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 
11th, 12th, 13th, 14th, 15th, 
16th, 17th, 18th, 19th, 20th

Counting those days we get 16 days.

Creating a calendar

To practice using a calendar, children can make their own simple calendar. Take a sheet of paper and divide it into 7 columns for the days of the week and 5 or 6 rows for the month. Fill in the numbers starting from 1, just like in a printed calendar.

Importance of calendar

Understanding calendars helps children understand the concepts of planning ahead and time management. They learn when they have school holidays, can plan events, and set goals for weeks and months.

Practical calendar exercises

  1. What day of the week is your birthday this year?
  2. If today is the 15th and it is Wednesday, what day will it be next week?
  3. How many days are there in your birth month?

These exercises encourage critical thinking and provide practice in reading calendars.

Advanced calendar themes

Understanding weeks in a year

There are approximately 52 weeks in a year. This is because:

Year = 365 days
week = 7 days
365 ÷ 7 ≈ 52 weeks

Understanding months in a year

There are 12 months in a year. Here is the list of all the months and their days:

  1. January - 31 days
  2. February - 28 days (29 days in leap years)
  3. March - 31 days
  4. April - 30 days
  5. May - 31 days
  6. June - 30 days
  7. July – 31 days
  8. August - 31 days
  9. September - 30 days
  10. October - 31 days
  11. November - 30 days
  12. December - 31 days

Conclusion

Calendars are both simple and complex tools. Understanding how to use them is vital to organizing and planning. Practice reading calendars, solving problems, and noticing patterns across months and years. With practice, anyone can become proficient at using a calendar!


Grade 3 → 3.4.3


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Calculating Elapsed Time
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Using a Calendar

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